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  First published in Great Britain in 2010 by

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  Copyright © Jonathan Oates 2010

  ISBN 978 1 84563 125 3

  eISBN 978 1 78303 756 8

  The right of Jonathan Oates to be identified as Author of this Work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

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  Contents

  Acknowledgements

  Introduction

  Chapter 1 Richmond and Kingston: A Brief History

  Chapter 2 Death to the Aristocrats, 1812

  Chapter 3 Did Dr Smethurst Murder his Wife? 1859

  Chapter 4 A Crime of Lunacy, 1861

  Chapter 5 Murder or Suicide? 1872

  Chapter 6 A Pauper’s Death, 1877

  Chapter 7 Murdered and Chopped Up, 1879

  Chapter 8 Murdered Whilst on Duty, 1881

  Chapter 9 The Major and his Wayward Son, 1888

  Chapter 10 The First Fred West, 1894

  Chapter 11 A Suicide Pact, 1905

  Chapter 12 An Accountant’s Deadly Reckoning, 1927

  Chapter 13 Murder in the Park (1), 1927

  Chapter 14 Murder in the Park (2), 1931

  Chapter 15 Albert Hadfield, Guilty or Not Guilty? 1936

  Chapter 16 A Middle-Class Murder, 1937

  Chapter 17 A Jeweller’s Demise, 1938

  Chapter 18 The Second Death on Kingston Hill, 1939

  Chapter 19 Why did Jack Martin Commit Matricide? 1948

  Chapter 20 The Teddington Towpath Murders, 1953

  Conclusion

  Appendix

  Bibliography

  Acknowledgements

  The author wishes to thank those staff at Richmond Local Studies Centre, Kingston Local Studies Centre, Hammersmith and Fulham Local Studies Centre, the London Metropolitan Archives, the Surrey History Centre and The National Archives, for assisting in his enquiries. These included fetching maps, assisting with microfilm and archives, and dealing with Freedom of Information enquiries. Without them and their historical material, this book could not have been written. Staff at the Broadmoor Hospital dealt efficiently with enquiries. John Coulter, was, as always, helpful with his knowledge, too.

  This book is dedicated to John.

  Introduction

  When Richmond’s history is mentioned, most people think of Hampton Court and Henry VIII. Crime does not obviously spring to mind, whereas it would if Whitechapel or Notting Hill were mentioned. Some books about Richmond and Kingston do not even allude to it. Yet criminal activity does not recognise geographical or social boundaries and this book aims to demonstrate this. Foul Deeds in Richmond and Kingston covers a number of serious crimes which took place in what are now the London Boroughs of Kingston on Thames (Norbiton, Surbiton and Kingston itself) and Richmond (Barnes, Mortlake, Teddington, Hampton, Twickenham and Richmond), from the early nineteenth century until the 1950s. Some are shocking indeed, such as the murder and dissection of Mrs Thomas, by her servant, Kate Webster, in Richmond, in 1879 and the savage killing of two teenagers on the Teddington towpath in the 1950s. The alleged poisoning of Louisa Bankes in 1859 was once a cause celebre, but all these have now been mostly forgotten, except by crime buffs. In their day all were reported as national news. There are also unsolved murders, killings in Richmond Park and other foul crimes.

  This book does not aim to be comprehensive, due to limitations of space; therefore other murders in these districts can be found listed in the appendix. Rather I have chosen ones for which there is an appreciable amount of information. Those which occurred elsewhere, but have local connections, are also omitted – Buster Edwards of Great
Train Robbery infamy resided at St Margaret’s Road, Twickenham, and hid some of the loot at a friend’s in Kingston, for instance.

  Many people believe that the internet is the fount of all knowledge, but only three of the cases in this book feature there (those referred to in the first paragraph), and not in any great detail. It is the paper-based sources which are of most use. Chiefly, the evidence used here has been taken from the police files found at The National Archives, Kew. These include reports made by the chief inspector who was in charge of the investigation, reports by doctors, witnesses, other police officers and those accused of the crime. Some of these sources have only recently been made available to the public. They vary enormously in scope – those for the nineteenth century murders are quite thin, compared to the later ones, for example.

  Other key sources include the press. These are the local newspapers, such as the Surrey Comet. These have detailed reports of the discovery of the crime, inquests and trials. The national newspapers are also useful, especially The Times online digital database, which although not as detailed for the twentieth century, does enable a researcher to find cases which otherwise would be difficult to locate. Of course, there is much overlap between the press and the police files, but there is also different information found in both, too.

  I have also used sources well known to the experienced geneaologist in order to flesh out the principal characters in the text: census returns, wills, parish registers, military records and so forth.

  The book begins with an introductory chapter about the districts in which the crimes were committed, and a survey of policing and law and order in these places. Then the cases will be discussed in chronological order, from 1812–1953.

  My qualifications for writing this book are that I have been a published historian for a decade. A qualified and experienced London archivist, my knowledge of the relevant sources is not inconsiderable. And I have had seven books about crime history published already. Finally, I resided in Richmond in 1992, working at the Surrey Record Office when it was located at Kingston.

  CHAPTER 1

  Richmond and Kingston: A Brief History

  Nothing in the neighbourhood is better known or more delightful than the view from Richmond Hill and Terrace.

  It is, of course, impossible to give a detailed account of the history of these districts in about 2,000 words. The interested reader can consult numerous books on this topic if he or she wishes. This chapter is merely a brief overview of the locations where the crimes covered thereafter occurred.

  For many centuries, places such as Richmond, Kingston, Teddington and Twickenham were villages along the river Thames, seemingly far to the west of London (Richmond is 15½ miles from London; Kingston 20). In fact, this was the case until the late nineteenth century. Twickenham and Kingston date from Saxon times; indeed the latter was not a inconsiderable town then. Saxon Kings were crowned there in the tenth century (the Coronation Stone is on display in the town to this day) and as late as the sixteenth century, the nearest bridge over the Thames to the west of London Bridge was at Kingston.

  Royal connections persisted into the Middle Ages and beyond. There was a royal palace at Richmond which was used by Edward III and his grandson, Richard II. It was rebuilt in the fifteenth century. In fact, at this time, Richmond was known as Sheen, and only had a name change at the end of the fifteenth century. This was when Henry, Duke of Richmond, and the first Tudor monarch (Henry VII), had one of his palaces here and had the parish renamed. This palace was demolished on Cromwell’s orders in 1648. But there was a better known one. This was Hampton Court, one of Henry VIII’s chief palaces. His daughter, Elizabeth I, died at Richmond in 1603 and a number of her successors in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were well acquainted with Richmond and Hampton Court. From 1837, the latter was thrown open to the public and continues to delight the tourists. Kingston was the scene of strife in the Middle Ages with its castle being destroyed in 1264 and skirmishes occurred there in the Civil War of the 1640s, when a Duke’s brother was killed.

  Old Palace Gates, Richmond. Author’s collection

  St Mary’s church, Richmond. Author’s collection

  In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, a number of celebrities resided in these districts, in large houses near to the river, where access to London was easy, yet their homes were in a delightful setting. These figures included, at Twickenham, famous writers such as Alexander Pope and Horace Walpole. Later, famous inhabitants were Dickens and Tennyson and the numerous pretenders to the French throne who lived here in the following century. At the beginning of the twentieth century the deposed King Manoel of Portugal resided here. The founder of The Times, John Walter, lived in Teddington, as did the famous comic actress Peggy Woffington. Most of these large mansions were demolished in the early twentieth century.

  Districts west of London on the Thames, apart from Brentford, did not develop the industrial character associated with those in central or east London, such as Limehouse, Wapping and Woolwich. This is because the great trading ports were naturally on that part of the Thames which was nearest its estuary; likewise for Royal Navy establishments. When industry did arrive to the west of the capital, in the early twentieth century, it was situated near major rail and road links: at Acton, Southall, Greenford, Brentford and Hounslow. An exception is at Teddington, where there was a large candle factory in the nineteenth century. Another industrial site was the National Physical Laboratory at Teddington, ‘that now gigantic complex of workshops’, founded in about 1900, one of whose employees was, briefly in the 1920s, one Sydney Goulter (see Chapter 13). Thus these districts remained chiefly residential. Small-scale commercial enterprises were located in Twickenham, such as fruit gardening, lamphrey fishing and there was also a linseed mill.

  The nineteenth and twentieth centuries saw rapid change, as they did all around the capital, transforming once rural retreats to teeming suburbs. In part the blame can be laid at the feet of the transport revolution, which was a cause of great change throughout Britain; and in part it was due to the population explosion and the fact that many more people were becoming richer than they ever had before. Richmond had a railway station from 1846 which was rebuilt in 1937.

  By 1881, there were numerous rail links from Richmond to London. The London and South Western railway meant that London Waterloo was only 9¾ miles away and the commuting time was a little under half an hour. Trains also ran to Aldgate and Broad Street, taking an hour, and were clearly a boon for City workers. Mansion House and Ludgate Hill were other central London destinations available from Richmond station. An annual first-class season ticket from Richmond to Waterloo and back cost £16 in 1886; second class was £12. For Kingston, Norbiton and Surbiton, these charges were £18 and £13 10s respectively; though the journey time was twenty-five minutes, the distance was twelve miles. These were still, however high enough to prohibit the average working man from using trains as his regular transport to work. If the commuter did not want to walk home from the railway station, he could catch one of the numerous ‘flies’ (horse-drawn cabs), which met the incoming train.

  It was in the early twentieth century, with the introduction of trams, that the less affluent could afford the pleasures of commuting to work each day. Electric trams began to run from Twickenham from 1903.

  A contemporary publication (1887) noted, as far as Richmond is concerned:

  From a small village Richmond has rapidly grown into a considerable town, and building is still actively carried on. Its convenient distance from London, beautiful and healthy situation, and pleasant neighbourhood, all combine to make it attractive to those who have daily business in town, and still want a certain amount of fresh air, while the railway facilities have been greatly increased and improved of late years. Houses, therefore, of all classes, from the mansion to the cottage, have lately sprung up in all directions.

  Such suburbanisation continued apace in the twentieth century, too. One commentator, writing in
the 1930s, noted:

  Less than twenty years ago the approach from London, by tramcar, through Isleworth, provided an enchanted panorama of orchards … Now it [Twickenham] is becoming the complete suburb: rows and rows of ‘Houses of Artistry’ – all just alike – forests of crazy wireless masts, acres of screaming hoardings, petrol pumps, and cinema posters, streets vulgar at worst and undistinguished at best.

  Star and Garter Home, Richmond. Author’s collection

  The Thames near Richmond. Author’s collection

  As to Teddington, it was ‘a built up area with no special attractions’.

  Population certainly soared. In 1801, there were 699 inhabitants in Teddington; in 1911, there were 17,847. In Twickenham the increase was from 3,138 to 29,367 over the same period. In the next half century, the population had doubled again. Richmond and Kingston had become towns in the late Victorian era, having populations of 22,000 and 17,000 respectively by 1881; though by 1901 these figures were 31,672 and 34,375.

  Yet Richmond was still undoubtedly an attractive place, despite its transformation from the home of royalty and other celebrities. In the 1890s, Richmond was described in The Times as being the Queen of the Suburbs, (and Surbiton was Queen of the London Suburbs) a decade before Ealing adopted that soubriquet. In part this was because of the large number of open spaces. The principal one of these is Richmond Park, consisting of 2,250 acres and being adjacent to Wimbledon Common. It was described as being ‘some eight miles in circumference, and affording an infinite variety of delightful walks and drives’. One could say the same about other open spaces in the vicinity. Marble Hill Park in Twickenham, purchased by the London County Council in 1904 was another important acquisition, although only seventy-two acres, it also possessed fine views of the river. Hampton Court and its environs are another important beauty spot, too. The retention of these open spaces was important in retaining the pleasant character of these districts. Yet to remind us that evil had not been banished from them, we need to recall that there were two murders in Richmond Park between the world wars (told in Chapters 13 and 14).